En Amérique du Nord, il est devenu difficile d'acquérir des transformateurs de puissance par rapport à d'autres équipements de réseau. Plusieurs facteurs expliquent cela : les entreprises de services publics renouvellent leurs anciennes flottes de transformateurs, les centres de données nécessitent d'énormes sources d'énergie, et les nouveaux projets de génération et de transfert cherchent tous à acquérir des transformateurs capables d'augmenter et de diminuer les niveaux de tension. De plus, sur le marché, il y a toujours eu très peu de producteurs de transformateurs, ce qui implique que les produits sont importés. Les fournisseurs ont toujours rencontré un problème avec certains matériaux clés soumis à des tarifs douaniers, ce qui entraîne des problèmes d'approvisionnement.
En résumé, selon MarketsandMarkets, Le marché nord-américain des transformateurs était évalué à environ 8,6 milliards de dollars en 2025 et devrait atteindre 11,9 milliards d'ici 2030, ce qui correspond à une croissance annuelle d'environ 6,7 %. Les États-Unis représentent environ 87 % de ce marché. La demande est stimulée par la technologie de remplacement des réseaux, l'électrification, les installations d'énergies renouvelables et la demande de transformateurs de puissance dans les centres de données IA, tandis que l'offre est affectée par la dépendance aux importations, la disponibilité limitée du fer au niveau national et les délais pluriannuels de construction des usines. Les principaux fabricants ont annoncé plus d'un milliard de dollars de nouvelles capacités en Amérique du Nord, cependant, plusieurs grandes usines ne commenceront pas leur production avant 2027-2029.
Les noms de marques mentionnés dans cet article appartiennent à leurs propriétaires. Subian Electric est un fabricant indépendant de transformateurs et n'est affilié à aucune entreprise nommée ici.
Quelle est la taille du marché nord-américain des transformateurs de puissance ?
La base 2025 et les prévisions 2030
MarketsandMarkets, dans un rapport publié en août 2026, estime le marché nord-américain des transformateurs de puissance à 8 590,5 millions de dollars US en 2025 et prévoit 11 880,6 millions de dollars US d'ici 2030, soit un taux de croissance annuel composé d'environ 6,7 %. Les chiffres par pays qui composent ce total sont présentés ci-dessous.
| Pays | 2025 estimate | Prévision 2030 | Taux de croissance, 2025–2030 | Part du total 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| États-Unis | 7 441,7 millions de dollars US | 10 349,9 millions de dollars US | 6,8 % | Environ 87 % |
| Canada | 744,0 millions de dollars US | 1 000,4 millions de dollars US | 6,1 % | Environ 9 % |
| Mexique | 404,7 millions de dollars US | 530,3 millions de dollars US | 5,6 % | Environ 5 % |
| Amérique du Nord | 8 590,5 millions de dollars US | 11 880,6 millions de dollars US | 6,7 % | 100 % |
Un détail mérite d'être signalé pour quiconque cite ces chiffres. Sur la page de synthèse régionale, le graphique comparatif par pays montre les États-Unis à 10 349,9 millions de dollars US avec une étiquette 2025. Ce chiffre correspond en fait à la prévision des États-Unis pour 2030, comme le confirme le rapport dédié aux États-Unis, et les trois estimations par pays ci-dessus totalisent le chiffre régional à quelques arrondis près. Utilisez les rapports au niveau pays, et non le graphique de synthèse, lorsque vous citez une année unique.
Why Market Size Estimates Differ
D'autres cabinets d'études atteignent des totaux différents car ils définissent le marché différemment.
| Source | Estimation | Notes de périmètre |
|---|---|---|
| MarketsandMarkets (2026) | 8,59 milliards de dollars US en 2025, 11,88 milliards de dollars US d'ici 2030 | États-Unis, Canada et Mexique ; transformateurs de puissance |
| Strategic Revenue Insights (2026) | 6,85 milliards USD en 2025, 13,11 milliards USD d'ici 2035 | Comprend les pays d'Amérique centrale ; les plus grands segments en 2025 étaient les unités de 100 à 500 MVA et les transformateurs élévateurs pour collecteurs d'énergies renouvelables |
Certains rapports couvrent les transformateurs de distribution tandis que d'autres ne prennent en compte que les unités au-dessus de certaines puissances MVA spécifiques et certains incluent l'Amérique centrale et les Caraïbes dans leurs rapports. Il existe des rapports beaucoup plus larges sur le ‘ marché des transformateurs ’ qui couvrent également les transformateurs de distribution, les transformateurs à sec et les transformateurs d'instrumentation. Néanmoins, ces chiffres ne doivent pas être additionnés ou moyennés. Le résultat global est cohérent dans tous les rapports et correspond à une croissance d'environ 6-7 % chaque année, ce qui est un taux élevé pour une industrie mature.
Transformateurs de puissance vs transformateurs de distribution
Les transformateurs de puissance sont utilisés dans les centrales de production, les stations de transmission et de sous-transmission, généralement à partir de 69 kV et au-delà, et d'environ 10 MVA jusqu'à plusieurs centaines de MVA. Les grands transformateurs de puissance sont généralement considérés comme ceux de 100 MVA et plus, fabriqués sur mesure, pouvant peser plusieurs centaines de tonnes et nécessitant un transport spécial par rail ou route. Les transformateurs de distribution, quant à eux, abaissent la tension moyenne pour un usage résidentiel et commercial et sont fabriqués en grande quantité via des chaînes d'approvisionnement complètement différentes. Les deux types de transformateurs sont actuellement en pénurie, mais les raisons et les délais de livraison sont différents.
Quels facteurs stimulent la demande de transformateurs de puissance en Amérique du Nord ?
Infrastructure de réseau obsolète
Une grande partie de l'infrastructure du réseau nord-américain a été installée entre les années 1960 et 1990, et de nombreux transformateurs de poste ont dépassé leur durée de vie prévue. Des études menées par le National Renewable Energy Laboratory des États-Unis ont révélé qu'environ la moitié des transformateurs de distribution aux États-Unis ont plus de 33 ans, ce qui est également le cas pour les grands transformateurs de puissance. En conséquence, les compagnies d'électricité remplacent régulièrement ces équipements afin d'éviter des pannes coûteuses entraînant de longues interruptions.
Électrification et renaissance de la fabrication
Les véhicules électriques, les pompes à chaleur et la relance de la fabrication énergivore, comme les usines de batteries, de semi-conducteurs et d'acier, continuent d'accroître la demande en énergie après des années de stagnation. Par conséquent, toute usine industrielle moderne nécessite des postes haute tension.
Solutions renouvelables, stockage et développement de la transmission
Chaque projet éolien, solaire et de batterie à l'échelle des services publics nécessite des transformateurs de collecte et d'élévation de tension ainsi qu'une nouvelle ligne de transmission pour se connecter au réseau électrique. Ainsi, les transformateurs élévateurs pour énergies renouvelables ainsi que les postes classés entre 100 et 500 MVA représentent un segment important du marché.
Comment la demande de transformateurs est-elle influencée par les centres de données IA ?
Data centers have emerged as the most significant recent source of transformer demand. A report from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy concluded that data centers consumed around 4.4 percent of U.S. electrical energy in 2023, with the possibility of them consuming between 6.7 and 12 percent of it by 2028, mostly as a result of the influence of AI.
Load Concentration
A large AI facility may demand several hundred megawatts at one location, which is often more energy than a middle-sized town. The load arrives at a single point in the grid, thus the facility usually needs a dedicated transmission substation with several large power transformers.
Multiplication of Equipment due to Redundancy
Data centers are indeed built to be highly reliable, with N+1 or 2N backup typically included. Hence, the facility that has an electricity need of 200 MVAs may install much more transformer capacity than is required at a time of peak demand, and several medium voltage transformers in its internal structure. The EV charging market has undergone a similar development.
Connection Needs in Terms of the Grid
Because it takes years for power companies to construct new transmission power stations, many data center owners are treating transformer availability as a selection factor when choosing a site. Some companies have even begun to purchase the equipment with a long lead time in order to get a place in a factory to produce transformers.
Why Is the United States Facing a Power Transformer Shortage?
L' power transformer shortage in the USA is the result of demand growing faster than a highly specialized supply chain can respond. The graphic below sums up both sides of the balance, and the table that follows sets out the evidence behind each constraint.
| Constraint | What the evidence shows |
|---|---|
| Import dependence | More than 80 percent of large power transformers used in the U.S. are imported, according to industry estimates cited by Siemens Energy. About 25 to 30 percent of finished distribution transformers were imported in 2023. |
| Electrical steel | The U.S. has one dominant domestic producer of grain-oriented electrical steel, and between half and three-quarters of the cores used in domestically assembled transformers are imported. |
| Tariffs | Section 232 tariffs on steel were raised to 50 percent in June 2025 and extended in August 2025 to derivative products including electrical cores and laminations; a 50 percent tariff also applies to certain copper products, including winding wire. |
| Prices | U.S. producer price data show transformer prices rose roughly 40 percent from 2020 to 2024 after inflation. |
| Lead times | Orders took about two years to fill in early 2024, roughly four times pre-2022 levels. Distribution transformer waits have since eased, but large custom units remain the longest-lead items. |
| Manufacturing and transport | Large units need skilled hand labor, heavy cranes, high-voltage test bays and special rail cars, so capacity cannot be added quickly. |
These figures come from a Congressional Research Service review of transformer supply published in April 2026 and from manufacturer statements. The overall picture is clear: even with strong investment, supply will take several years to catch up with demand.
Which Power Transformer Manufacturers Are Expanding in North America?
The leading power transformer manufacturers in North America have responded with a wave of investment. It is important to separate announced investment from operating capacity: several of the largest projects are still under construction. The map shows where the main projects are located and when they are expected to produce; the table gives the details.
| Fabricant | Projet | Investissement | Status and timeline |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hitachi Energy | Large power transformer plant expansion, South Boston, Virginia | US$457 million, about 825 jobs | Ground broken June 2026; completion targeted for 2029 |
| Hitachi Energy | New power transformer factory, Gallman, Mississippi | US$528 million, more than 700 jobs | Announced September 2026; construction from late 2026, production planned for 2029 |
| Siemens Energy | Large power transformer factory, Charlotte, North Carolina | About US$150 million, 559 jobs | Announced February 2024; production originally targeted for early 2026, with later reports pointing to 2027 |
| Prolec GE | Goldsboro, North Carolina expansion | US$140 million, 330 jobs | Part of more than US$300 million of recent U.S. and Mexico investment; GE Vernova agreed in October 2025 to buy the remaining 50 percent of Prolec GE for about US$5.3 billion |
| WEG | Specialty transformer plant, Washington, Missouri | US$77 million, 50 jobs | Announced 2025; focused on 1–10 MVA units, planned 50 percent capacity increase |
Hitachi Energy describes the Virginia and Mississippi projects as part of a U.S. manufacturing program of roughly US$1.5 billion. For more detail on WEG’s North American range and factories, see our guide to WEG transformers and WEG Transformers USA.
The timing matters. If the largest new plants start producing in 2027 to 2029, then much of the demand growth forecast for 2025 to 2030 will have to be met by existing factories, imports and refurbishment before new domestic capacity arrives.
Comparison of the Markets in USA, Canada, and Mexico
États-Unis
The power transformer market in the United States is leading the estimated value of about US$7.4 billion in the year of 2025, because of the great replacement requirements for the USA power transformers, allowing for fast growth of data centers and dependency on the imported large products. The utilities purchase power transformers according to the specifications and vendor lists, while there are also some federal projects whose requirements might include the use of locally manufactured materials.
Canada
The power transformer market in Canada is estimated to be approximately US$ 0.74 billion in the year of 2025, mainly due to the development of a huge hydropower system, long-distance electricity transmission, and severe climate conditions. The utilities from the provinces such as Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia are using the high voltage level of even 500-735 kV, where their equipment is compliant with CSA standards and extremely low-temperature specifications.
Mexique
The situation in the Mexican power transformer market is slightly different as it is less developed in comparison with the USA, but very important as a manufacturing center for transformers. It produces the transformers for such companies as Prolec GE and WEG, using the United States as a market for its products. The domestic market for transformers is associated with the national utility company named CFE, industrial nearshoring, and the need for new power plants to be built. The projects are subject to the local regulations such as utility requirements and national standards from CFE for power transformers.
Which Power Transformer Types Are in Highest Demand?
| Transformer type | Puissance typique | Principaux moteurs de la demande |
|---|---|---|
| Large power transformers and autotransformers | 100 MVA and above, 230 to 765 kV | Transmission expansion, interconnections, data center substations |
| Generator step-up transformers | Des dizaines à des centaines de MVA | Gas, nuclear uprates, wind, solar and storage |
| Transformateurs de puissance de sous-station | 10 to 100 MVA, 69 to 161 kV | Utility load growth, industrial campuses, sub-transmission |
| Collector and medium power transformers | 5 to 50 MVA, up to 46 kV | Renewable collector systems, battery storage, data center medium-voltage distribution |
| Distribution transformers (related segment) | Up to about 10 MVA | Housing, commercial loads, electrification |
According to the U.S. report by MarketsandMarkets, oil-cooled units are the leading cooling segment as well as the air-cooled units being the fastest growing one. Both oil-filled types still lead above a few MVA installations, while dry types have proved their superiority in indoor, urban and data center environments where fire safety is of high importance.
North American Transformer Standards and Procurement Requirements
Buyers sourcing from outside the region, or comparing suppliers who usually build to IEC standards, should understand how North American requirements differ.
| Article | North American practice | Typical IEC practice |
|---|---|---|
| Fréquence | 60 Hz | 50 Hz in most markets |
| Transmission voltages | 115, 138, 161, 230, 345, 500 and 765 kV; 735 kV in Quebec | 110, 132, 220, 330, 400 and 500 kV |
| Normes principales | IEEE C57.12.00 and C57.12.90 in the U.S.; CSA standards in Canada; CFE and NOM requirements in Mexico | Série IEC 60076 |
| Élévation de température | 65 °C average winding rise, often with ONAN/ONAF/ONAF ratings | 65 °C winding and 60 °C top oil |
| Insulation levels | BIL values tied to North American voltage classes | Lightning impulse levels tied to IEC voltage classes |
| Approval | Utility specifications, design reviews and approved vendor lists | Rapports d'essai de type et approbation des services publics ou des consultants |
A transformer designed for 110 kV or 132 kV at 50 Hz cannot simply be offered for a 115 kV or 138 kV, 60 Hz substation. Voltage ratio, impedance, BIL, tap range, bushings, cooling stages and accessories all need to be engineered to the project specification, and test reports must follow the applicable standard.
Forecast of Power Transformer Market in North America until 2030
The analyses have nearly arrived at the same conclusion regarding the annual market growth of approximately 6%-7% until at least 2030. The following factors will determine whether forecasts hold true.
Timely availability of newly constructed capacity: several largest domestic power transformer plants will become operational by 2027-2029 while at least one of them has missed the deadlines.
Import and export regulations: the supply of steel and copper, tariffs, or trade rules adjustment will affect expenses for the units produced domestically or imported.
Pace of large-load connections: establishing data centers and industrial projects can be postponed, resized, or cancelled, thus significantly altering demand.
Market forecasts are models and not actual orders. They let the buyers understand the direction of the market but the planning must rely on confirmed capacities of suppliers and real delivery dates rather than sensational rates of market development.
What Should Transformer Buyers Check Before Sourcing?
With long lead times and limited factory slots, a clear specification and an early start matter more than ever.
| Catégorie | Ce qu'il faut confirmer |
|---|---|
| Electrical data | MVA rating and cooling stages, voltage ratio, frequency, impedance, BIL, vector group, tap changer type and range |
| Normes | IEEE C57 or CSA requirements, utility specifications and any Mexican CFE or NOM requirements |
| Pertes | Guaranteed no-load and load losses, evaluated on total owning cost |
| Design review | Short-circuit withstand, sound level, transport dimensions and weights |
| Test | Routine, type and special tests; witness testing; factory acceptance test plan |
| Approval | Whether the supplier is on the utility’s approved vendor list or needs qualification |
| Livraison | Confirmed factory slot, shipping route, heavy-haul transport and site installation support |
| Commercial | Warranty, spare parts, domestic content requirements and tariff exposure |
Where Subian Electric Fits
Subian Electric builds oil-immersed and dry-type transformers and prefabricated substations at its factory in Xuzhou, China, mainly to IEC standards for international projects. Relevant product families include 110–132 kV oil-immersed transformers, 35 kV-class oil-immersed power transformers et des transformateurs montés sur socle triphasés. These are IEC-based designs, and Subian does not claim existing North American utility approval. For any North American enquiry, the design would need to be engineered to the project’s 60 Hz voltage ratios, BIL, standards and utility specification, with test documentation reviewed before award. For a view of a fast-growing market in South America, see our Brazil power transformer market analysis.
Questions Fréquemment Posées
How big is the North America power transformer market?
MarketsandMarkets estimates the market at about US$8.59 billion in 2025, rising to about US$11.88 billion by 2030, a growth rate of about 6.7 percent a year. Other firms using different scopes report different totals.
What is driving power transformer demand in the United States?
Replacement of aging equipment, electrification, new manufacturing plants, renewable and storage connections, transmission expansion and the rapid growth of AI data centers.
Why are large power transformers in short supply?
Most large units used in the U.S. are imported, domestic electrical steel supply is limited, tariffs have raised material costs, and building and testing large units requires specialized factories that take years to add.
Who are the major power transformer manufacturers in North America?
Major suppliers include Hitachi Energy, Siemens Energy, Prolec GE, WEG and others, along with importers. Several are building or expanding North American plants scheduled to produce between 2026 and 2029.
How long does it take to get a large power transformer?
Lead times vary by supplier and rating. In early 2024 orders were taking about two years, and large custom units remain among the longest-lead items in the power sector.
What is the difference between power and distribution transformers?
Power transformers serve generation and transmission substations, usually at 69 kV and above. Distribution transformers step medium voltage down for end users and are produced in much higher volumes.
Does North America use 50 Hz or 60 Hz transformers?
The United States, Canada and Mexico all operate 60 Hz grids, so transformers must be designed and tested for 60 Hz.
Can imported transformers meet U.S. utility requirements?
Yes, imports already supply most U.S. large power transformers. They must meet the utility’s specification and IEEE standards, pass the required tests and, in many cases, come from a supplier on the utility’s approved vendor list.
Références
- MarketsandMarkets: North America Power Transformer Market, 2025–2030
- MarketsandMarkets: US Power Transformer Market, 2025–2030
- Congressional Research Service: Electricity Distribution Transformers, Supply, Tariffs and Policy Options (2026)
- ENR: Hitachi breaks ground on US$457M Virginia transformer plant expansion
- Interesting Engineering: Hitachi Energy US$528M Mississippi transformer plant
- Manufacturing Dive: Siemens Energy large power transformer facility in Charlotte
- T&D World: GE Vernova to acquire remaining 50 percent stake of Prolec GE
The North American market is growing steadily, but the real constraint for most projects is not demand; it is getting the right transformer, built to the right specification, delivered on time. Jiangsu Subian Electric Power Equipment Co., Ltd. designs and builds transformateurs immergés dans l'huile, dry-type transformers and prefabricated substations for international projects, engineered to each project’s frequency, voltage and standard. For private-label or distributor supply, see our programme OEM et ODM. Send your specification through our page de contact, and our engineers will review the requirements and reply with a technical proposal and factory quotation.